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The three protagonists are then hurled into the water and grasp hold of the "hide" of the creature, which they find, to their surprise, to be a submarine very far ahead of its era. They are quickly captured and brought inside the vessel, where they meet its enigmatic creator and commander, Captain Nemo. The rest of the story follows the adventures of the protagonists aboard the creature—the submarine , the Nautilus — which was built in secrecy and now roams the seas free from any land-based government.
Captain Nemo's motivation is implied to be both a scientific thirst for knowledge and a desire for revenge upon and self-imposed exile from civilization.
Nemo explains that his submarine is electrically powered and can perform advanced marine biology research; he also tells his new passengers that although he appreciates conversing with such an expert as Aronnax, maintaining the secrecy of his existence requires never letting them leave. Aronnax and Conseil are enthralled by the undersea adventures, but Ned Land can only think of escape.
They visit many places under the ocean, some real-world and others fictional.
The travelers witness the real corals of the Red Sea , the wrecks of the battle of Vigo Bay , the Antarctic ice shelves, the Transatlantic telegraph cable and the legendary submerged land of Atlantis. The travelers also use diving suits to hunt sharks and other marine life with air-guns and have an underwater funeral for a crew member who died when an accident occurred under mysterious conditions inside the Nautilus. When the Nautilus returns to the Atlantic Ocean , a pack of "poulpes" usually translated as a giant squid , although in French "poulpe" means " octopus " attacks the vessel and kills a crew member.
Throughout the story Captain Nemo is suggested to have exiled himself from the world after an encounter with the forces that occupied his country that had devastating effects on his family. Not long after the incident of the poulpes, Nemo suddenly changes his behavior toward Aronnax, avoiding him. Aronnax no longer feels the same and begins to sympathize with Ned Land. Near the end of the book, the Nautilus is attacked by a warship of some nation that had made Nemo suffer. Filled with hatred and revenge, Nemo ignores Aronnax's pleas for mercy.
Nemo—nicknamed "angel of hatred" by Aronnax—destroys the ship, ramming it just below the waterline, and consequently sinking it into the bottom of the sea, much to Aronnax's horror, as he watches the ship plunge into the abyss. Nemo bows before the pictures of his wife and children and is plunged into deep depression after this encounter. For several days after this, the protagonists' situation changes.
Swept along at the rate of twelve to thirteen meters per second, he could hardly make use of the skiff. Nemo remarks that the diver as an inhabitant of British Colonial India, "is an inhabitant of an oppressed country". Aleister Crowley en la Boca del Infierno: Deep Diving and Submarine Operations 6th ed. Fulton's submarine was named after the paper nautilus because it had a sail. It is probable that Verne borrowed the symbol, but used it to allude to the Revolutions of as well, in that the first man to stand against the "monster" and the first to be defeated by it is a Frenchman.
No one seems to be on board any longer and the Nautilus moves about randomly. Ned Land is even more depressed, Conseil fears for Ned's life, and Aronnax, horrified at what Nemo had done to the ship, can no longer stand the situation either. One evening, Ned Land announces an opportunity to escape. Although Aronnax wants to leave Nemo, whom he now holds in horror, he still wishes to see him for the last time. But he knows that Nemo would never let him escape, so he has to avoid meeting him.
Before the escape, however, he sees him one last time although secretly , and hears him say "Almighty God! Aronnax immediately goes to his companions and they are ready to escape. But while they loosen the dinghy, they discover that the Nautilus has wandered into the Moskenstraumen , more commonly known as the "Maelstrom".
They manage to escape and find refuge on a nearby island off the coast of Norway, but the fate of the Nautilus is unknown. Captain Nemo's name is an allusion to Homer's Odyssey , a Greek epic poem.
In the Latin translation of the Odyssey , this pseudonym is rendered as " Nemo ", which in Latin also translates as "No-man" or "No-body". Similarly to Nemo, Odysseus must wander the seas in exile though only for 10 years and is tormented by the deaths of his ship's crew. Jules Verne several times mentions Commander Matthew Fontaine Maury , "Captain Maury" in Verne's book, a real-life oceanographer who explored the winds, seas, currents, and collected samples of the bottom of the seas and charted all oceans.
Verne would have known of Matthew Maury's international fame and perhaps Maury's French ancestry. The Nautilus seems to follow the footsteps of these men: The most famous part of the novel, the battle against a school of giant squid , begins when a crewman opens the hatch of the boat and gets caught by one of the monsters. As the tentacle that has grabbed him pulls him away, he yells "Help! At the beginning of the next chapter, concerning the battle, Aronnax states, "To convey such sights, one would take the pen of our most famous poet, Victor Hugo, author of The Toilers of the Sea.
It is probable that Verne borrowed the symbol, but used it to allude to the Revolutions of as well, in that the first man to stand against the "monster" and the first to be defeated by it is a Frenchman. In several parts of the book, Captain Nemo is depicted as a champion of the world's underdogs and downtrodden.
In one passage, Captain Nemo is mentioned as providing some help to Greeks rebelling against Ottoman rule during the Cretan Revolt of — , proving to Arronax that he had not completely severed all relations with mankind outside the Nautilus after all. In another passage, Nemo takes pity on a poor Indian pearl diver who must do his diving without the sophisticated diving suit available to the submarine's crew, and who is doomed to die young due to the cumulative effect of diving on his lungs.
Nemo approaches him underwater and gives him a whole pouch full of pearls, more than he could have acquired in years of his dangerous work. Nemo remarks that the diver as an inhabitant of British Colonial India, "is an inhabitant of an oppressed country". Verne took the name "Nautilus" from one of the earliest successful submarines , built in by Robert Fulton , who later invented the first commercially successful steamboat.
Fulton's submarine was named after the paper nautilus because it had a sail. Three years before writing his novel, Jules Verne also studied a model of the newly developed French Navy submarine Plongeur at the Exposition Universelle , which inspired him for his definition of the Nautilus. The breathing apparatus used by Nautilus divers is depicted as an untethered version of underwater breathing apparatus designed by Benoit Rouquayrol and Auguste Denayrouze in They designed a diving set with a backpack spherical air tank that supplied air through the first known demand regulator.
Air pressure tanks made with the technology of the time could only hold 30 atmospheres, and the diver had to be surface supplied ; the tank was for bailout. No less significant, though more rarely commented on, is the very bold political vision, which was revolutionary for its time, represented by the character of Captain Nemo. Nemo took to the underwater life after the suppression of the Indian Mutiny of , in which his close family members were killed by the British.
This change was made at the request of Verne's publisher, Pierre-Jules Hetzel , who is known to be responsible for many serious changes in Verne's books. In the original text the mysterious captain was a Polish nobleman , avenging his family who were killed by the Russians in retaliation for the captain's taking part in the Polish January Uprising of As France was at the time allied with the Russian Empire , the target for Nemo's wrath was changed to France's old enemy, the British Empire , to avoid political trouble.
Professor Pierre Aronnax does not suspect Nemo's origins, as these were explained only later, in Verne's next book. Thomas in said that "there is not a single bit of valid speculation" in the novel and that "none of its predictions has come true".
He described the depictions of the diving gear, scenes, and the Nautilus as "pretty bad, behind the times even for In none of these technical situation did Verne take advantage of knowledge readily available to him at the time". Thomas said, however, that despite poor science, plot, and characterization, "Put them all together with the magic of Verne's story-telling ability, and something flames up.
A story emerges that sweeps incredulity before it". Jules Verne's wrote a sequel to this book: While The Mysterious Island seems to give more information about Nemo or Prince Dakkar , it is muddied by the presence of several irreconcilable chronological contradictions between the two books and even within The Mysterious Island. Verne returned to the theme of an outlaw submarine captain in his much later Facing the Flag.