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Genoa is also a windy city, especially during winter when northern winds often bring cool air from the Po Valley usually accompanied by lower temperatures, high pressure and clear skies. Another typical wind blows from southeast , mostly as a consequence of atlantic disturbances and storms, bringing humid and warmer air from the sea.
Snowfall is sporadic, but does occur almost every year, albeit big amounts in the city centre are rare. Sunshine hours total above 2, per year, from an average 4 hours of sunshine duration per day in winter to average 9 hours in summer. This value is an average between the northern half of Europe and North Africa.
The Municipal Council of Genoa is currently led by a right-wing majority, elected in June The city of Genoa is subdivided into nine municipi administrative districts , as approved by the Municipal Council in Genoa's historic centre is articulated in a maze of squares and narrow caruggi typical Genoese alleys. It joins a medieval dimension with following 16th century and Baroque interventions the ancient Via Aurea, now Via Garibaldi.
Near Via Garibaldi , through the public elevator Castelletto Levante, one can reach one of the most scenic places in the city, Belvedere Castelletto. The centre of Genoa is connected to its upper part by ancient paths caught between tall palaces, called creuze. Walking along these small paths one can reach magnificent places like the Santuario di Nostra Signora di Loreto. San Lorenzo cathedral has a splendid portal and the dome designed by Galeazzo Alessi.
Inside is found the treasure of the Cathedral where among other objects there is also what is said to be the Holy Chalice. The symbols of the city are the Lanterna the lighthouse metres feet high , old and standing lighthouse visible in the distance from the sea beyond 30 kilometres 19 miles , and the monumental fountain of Piazza De Ferrari , recently restored, out-and-out core of the city's life. Another tourist destination is the ancient seaside district of Boccadasse which means "the mouth of the donkey" , with its multicolour boats, set as a seal to Corso Italia , the promenade which runs along the Lido d'Albaro, and known for its ice-creams.
After Boccadasse you can continue along the sea up to Sturla. Nervi offers many attractions: East Riviera is full of interesting towns to visit, and then from Genoa to east are: In the west, Pegli is the site of the famous Villa Durazzo-Pallavicini and Arenzano is a seaside town at the foot of the Parco naturale regionale del Beigua. The new Genoa based its rebirth upon the restoration of the green areas of the immediate inland parts, among them the Parco naturale regionale del Beigua , and upon the construction of facilities such as the Aquarium of Genoa in the Old Harbour - the biggest in Italy and one of the major in Europe - and its Marina the tourist small port which holds hundreds of pleasure boats.
All of these are inside the restored Expo Area, arranged in occasion of the Columbian Celebrations of In the seabed in front of the San Fruttuoso abbey there is the Christ of the Abyss. From the Old Harbour one can reach by boat other famous seaside places around Genoa such as Portofino or a little more distant, Lerici and the Cinque Terre.
The regained pride gave back to the city the consciousness of being capable of looking to the future without forgetting its past. The resumption of several flourishing hand-crafting activities, far-back absent from the caruggi of the old town, is a direct evidence of it. The restoration of many of Genoa's churches and palaces in the s and the s contributed to the city's rebirth.
A notable example the Renaissance , Basilica of Santa Maria Assunta , sitting on the top of the hill of Carignano and visible from almost every part of the city. The total restoration of Doge's Palace - once venue of dogi and senators and nowadays location of cultural events - and of the Old Harbour and the rebuilding of Teatro Carlo Felice , destroyed by the Second World War bombings that only spared the neoclassic pronao of the architect Carlo Barabino , were two more points of strength for the realisation of a new Genoa.
Genoa could not renounce, especially as from the s, to a great renewal, which as happened in several other metropolis, should necessarily get through the realisation of big public housing complexes, whose quality, utility and functionality has been and still is controversial for those residents living there.
Beyond a complete restyling of the area, the ancient port zone nearby the Mandraccio opening, in Porta Siberia, was enriched by Genoese architect Renzo Piano with a large sphere made of metal and glass, installed in the port's waters, not far from the Aquarium of Genoa , and unveiled in in occasion of the G8 Summit held in Genoa. The sphere called by the citizens "Piano's bubble" or "The Ball" , after hosting an exposition of fens from Genoa's Botanical Gardens, currently houses the reconstruction of a tropical environment, with several plants, little animals and butterflies.
Nearby the Old Harbour is the so-called " Matitone ", a skyscraper in shape of a pencil, that lays side by side with the group of the WTC towers, core of the San Benigno development, today base of part of the Municipality's administration and of several companies. Another well known Genoese church is the shrine of Saint Francis of Paola , notable for the outer courtyard overlooking the port and the memorial to all those who died at sea. This church is of artistic mention in that the tile depictions of the Via Crucis Stations along the brick path to the church.
Another interesting church in the neighborhoods of Genoa is San Siro di Struppa. Also from Genoa were: Outside the city walls is Christopher Columbus House , where Christopher Columbus is said to have lived as a child. The current building is an 18th-century reconstruction of the original which was destroyed by the French naval bombing of This district was designed in the midth century to accommodate Mannerist palaces of the city's most eminent families. The famous art college is also located on this street.
Scattered around the city are many villas, built between the fifteenth and the twentieth centuries. Among the best known are: As it regards the 19th century remember the architects Ignazio Gardella senior , and Carlo Barabino which among other things, realises together with Giovanni Battista Resasco, the Monumental Cemetery of Staglieno. Genoa is also rich of Art Nouveau works, among which: Works of Rationalist architecture of the first half of the 20th century are Torre Piacentini and Piazza della Vittoria where Arco della Vittoria , both designed by the architect Marcello Piacentini.
Other architects who have changed the face of Genoa in the 20th century are: Other notable architectural works include: The old harbour "porto antico" in Italian is the ancient part of the port of Genoa. The harbour gave access to outside communities creating a good geographical situation for the city. Before the development of car, train, and airplane travel, the main outside access for the city was the sea, as the surrounding mountains made trade north by land more difficult than coastal trade.
Trade routes have always connected Genoa on an international scale, with increasingly farther reach starting from trade along Europe's coastline before the medieval period to today's connection across continents. As the Genoa harbour was so important to the merchants for their own economic success, other nearby harbours and ports were seen as competition for a landing point for foreign traders.
In the 16th century, the Genovese worked to destroy the local shipping competition, the Savona harbour. The Genovese would go as far as to war with other coastal, trading cities such as Venice, [24] in order to protect the trade industry. Renzo Piano redeveloped the area for public access, restoring the historical buildings like the Cotton warehouses and creating new landmarks like the Aquarium, the Bigo and recently the "Bolla" the Sphere. In these attracted almost 1. The Aquarium of Genoa in Italian: Acquario di Genova is the largest aquarium in Italy and among the largest in Europe.
Built for Genoa Expo '92 , it is an educational, scientific and cultural centre. Its mission is to educate and raise public awareness as regards conservation, management and responsible use of aquatic environments. It welcomes over 1. Control of the entire environment, including the temperature, filtration and lighting of the tanks was provided by local Automation Supplier Orsi Automazione, acquired in by Siemens.
It also provides scientific expertise and a great deal of content for AquaRing, including documents, images, academic content and interactive online courses, via its Online Resource Centre. The city of Genoa during its long history at least since the 9th century had been protected by different line of defensive walls. Large portions of these walls remain today, and Genoa has more and longer walls than any other city in Italy.
Some fortresses stand along the perimeter of the "New Walls" or close them. Genoa has 82, square metres , square feet of public parks in the city centre, such as Villetta Di Negro which is right in the heart of the town, overlooking the historical centre. Many bigger green spaces are situated outside the centre: Corso Italia runs for 2. The promenade, which was built in , overlooks the sea, towards the promontory of Portofino.
Promenade of the upper ring road, so-called "Circonvallazione a Monte" that includes: Walks can be made from the centre of Genoa following one of the many ancient paths between tall palaces and the "Creuze" to reach the higher areas of the city where there are magnificent places like Belvedere Castelletto , the "Righi's district", the "Santuario di Nostra Signora di Loreto", the "Santuario della Madonnetta", the "Santuario di San Francesco da Paola".
Monte Fasce gives a complete view of the city. To reach the hinterland of the Province of Genoa one can use the Genoa - Casella Old Railway, 25 kilometres 16 miles of railway between the Genoese mountains. The city is characterised by rapid aging and a long history of demographic decline, that has shown a partial slowdown in the last decade. Genoa has the lowest birth rate and is the most aged of any large Italian city.
Minors children ages 18 and younger totalled only This compares with the Italian average of The median age of Genoa's residents is 47, compared to the Italian average of The current birth rate of the city is only 7. As of [update] , The largest immigrant group is from the Americas mostly Ecuador: The city is predominantly Roman Catholic , with small numbers of Protestants.
Steel, once a major industry during the booming s and s, phased out after the late s crisis, as Italy moved away from the heavy industry to pursue more technologically advanced and less polluting productions. So the Ligurian industry has turned towards a widely diversified range of high-quality and high-tech products food, shipbuilding in Sestri Ponente and in metropolitan area - Sestri Levante , electrical engineering and electronics, petrochemicals, aerospace etc. Nonetheless, the regions still maintains a flourishing shipbuilding sector yacht construction and maintenance, cruise liner building, military shipyards.
This is due to the increasing diffusion of modern technologies, particularly in commerce and tourism.
La Repubblica di Torriglia è forse il testo più rappresentativo sulla Resistenza in Liguria. L'autore, attraverso il tratteggio degli umili ma forti protagonisti. Buy La repubblica di Torriglia by (ISBN: ) from Amazon's Book Store. Kindle Edition Paperback; Language: Italian; ISBN ; ISBN ; Package Dimensions: x 12 x cm; Average.
The main motorway is located along the coastline, connecting the main ports of Nice in France , Savona, Genoa and La Spezia. The number of passenger cars per inhabitants in is below the national average The project has been struggling in recent years with enterprises laying off their employees and no real growth.
In the 16th century along with the flourishing trade between the Republic of Genoa and Flanders also grew the cultural exchanges. Get to Know Us. English Choose a language for shopping. Explore the Home Gift Guide. Amazon Music Stream millions of songs. Amazon Advertising Find, attract, and engage customers. Amazon Drive Cloud storage from Amazon.
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Amazon Restaurants Food delivery from local restaurants. ComiXology Thousands of Digital Comics. One of the oldest and most enduring historic events that anticipated the phenomenon of micronations took place on the Italian peninsula. For almost four hundred years, the Republic of Cospaia ruled a territory of just over three kilometres squared, an area which is today a hamlet in the municipality of San Giustino Perugia [Fig. The Republic was founded in thanks to an error resulting from the diplomatic games between two of the superpowers of the time, the Papal States and the Florentine Republic.
However, in the act of redrawing the borders between the States, the existence of two rivers of the same name a few kilometres apart meant that the borders were drawn incorrectly. Under the maxim Perpetua et firma libertas , the Republic of Cospaia prospered as free zone where there were no duties or taxes. In the seventeenth century, the population numbered about and one of its principal productive activities was the cultivation of tobacco. Three years later, a new micronation came into being.
Arguably a particularly fertile ground for such a story, it was on Sardinia that the Kingdom of Tavolara was established. The epic tale of the founding of this micronation started with an eccentric king-shepherd and smuggler, Giuseppe Bertoleoni. In , he took possession of an island in the Gulf of Olbia and moved his family to there, sowing the seeds of a legend that made its all the way to Carlo Alberto, Duke of Savoy and King of Sardinia. On a date about which historians have yet to agree, the King visited the island, famous for its goats with golden teeth, and offered Bertoleoni a concession on the land.
The disappearance of corroborating documents has compromised any attempts to reconstruct the historical truth of this account, and thereby cloaked the kingdom in legend. The final blow came from NATO, who occupied half the island for use as one of its bases. Nonetheless, the story of the Kingdom of Tavolara endures, as the last representative of the dynasty is still on the island — working as a restaurateur.
Historically, micronations came back to the fore in the late twentieth century.
The climate of rebirth that characterised the post-war period was reflected in a landscape filled with new arrivals. Towards the end of the conflict, the incident of the Red Republic of Caulonia occurred: At the centre of the matter was the agrarian issue, which was at the heart of the politics of Pasquale Cavallaro [Fig.
An antifascist and a communist, Cavallaro launched a programme of reforms that culminated in a redistribution of land to the farmers. The day before the allocation of the land was scheduled to take place, his son was arrested, an event which lit a fuse that ignited a popular uprising against landowners and the police forces. The revolt was consumed by violence, rapes, and the murder of the parish priest. It was during these tumultuous days that the communist flag was raised in the town, a defiant proclamation of independence. However, the reaction was immediate: The story of the Red Republic, which for a few days prefigured the possibility of a new order, ended with him.
The following year, in a historical climate that was already drastically different, a new micronation was established; one that would last longer than the Red Republic, but which would nonetheless be marked by transience. In fact, this transient nature — or, more accurately, this seasonality — was a defining characteristic of the Tamisiana Republic of Bosgattia, whose motto was free, independent, periodic, transient, illiterate. The Republic existed only in the summer, from until During this period, its founder Luigi Salvini, a professor of Slavic Studies, brought together a group of friends and local residents on an island in the Po delta [Fig.
Whilst the quiet summers of the Tamisiana Republic passed by, a much more turbulent story was unfolding in the south of the peninsula.
The setting for this particular story was a sliver of land, no larger than four thousand metres squared, next to the Basentana Road, a junction in Grassano Matera: He was also arrested more than once for contempt towards a public official. His circumnavigation of bureaucracy reached a climax when he attempted to execute his most ambition business plan yet: Over the years, the obstacles placed in his path by Agip, ANAS, Eni, the Italian government, the police and the prefecture pushed him into a declaration of independence, which he summarised in an ill-written sign: History has proved his cause: His most memorable undertaking, however, remains the founding of his own State that, between the jokes and the bravado, fought a battle against all forms of authority.
This Ligurian enclave, fourteen square kilometres in size, claims it has been independent since , due to the fact its sale in was never registered by its new owners, the House of Savoy; according to the agreement the area should have been a personal asset of the king, which would result in an absence of sovereignty. It is to his name that the struggle for independence, which passed through the court of San Remo and the Constitutional Court of Italy, is tied. The king died in and, following an election, he was succeeded by Marcello Menegatto, who assumed the title Marcello I.
Moconesi borders the following municipalities: Deeply felt is the derby called Derby della Lanterna. The island, which sits within a marine protected area, is officially owned by a Neopolitan company. Archived from the original PDF on Negli anni novanta l'ultimo piano fu utilizzato come osservatorio astronomico , ma solo per un breve periodo. The singer Natalino Otto started the swing genre in Italy and his friend and colleague Pippo Barzizza was a composer, arranger, conductor and music director. Like the languages of Lombardy , Piedmont , and surrounding regions, it is of Gallo-Italic derivation.